Calculating Reading Level With the Flesch-Kincaid Scale

Ascertaining Reading Level With the Flesch-Kincaid Scale Is it accurate to say that you are composing at a suitable evaluation level? There are a few scales and estimations used to decide the coherence or evaluation level of a bit of composing. One of the most widely recognized scales is the Flesch-Kincaid scale. You can decide the Flesch-Kincaid perusing grade level of a paper you’ve composed effectively in Microsoft Word. There is an apparatus for this that you access from your menu bar. You can either ascertain a whole paper, or you can feature a segment and afterward compute. Steps Go to TOOLS and select OPTIONS and SPELLING GRAMMARSelect the crate CHECK GRAMMAR WITH SPELLINGSelect the container SHOW READABILITY STATISTICS and select OKAYTo create the lucidness measurement presently, select SPELLING AND GRAMMAR from the toolbar at the highest point of the page. The apparatus will experience its suggested changes and give comprehensibility measurements toward the end You can utilize a recipe to compute the Flesch-Kincaid perusing level all alone. This is a decent device to decide if a book is going to challenge you Ascertaining Readability of Your Writing Select a couple of passages to use as your baseCalculate the normal number of words per sentence. Increase the outcome by 0.39Calculate the normal number of syllables in words (check and gap) Multiply the outcome by 11.8Add the two outcomes togetherSubtract 15.59 The outcome will be a number that likens to an evaluation level. For instance, a 6.5 is a 6th grade perusing level outcome.

Teacher Interview free essay sample

What degrees do you have and for what reason did you decide to educate? Mrs. Henry got her bachelor’s qualification from Hampton University in 1986. Under the oversight of her old secondary school she had the option to help the basic, ideally kindergarten through the six evaluations. That was the place her excursion started despite the fact that her math instructor needed her to seek after a profession in designing . In any case, with the approaching affection that she had for her young understudies was overpowering she was unable to abandon her objective of turning into an instructor. What persuades you to continue educating? What persuades Mr. Henry to continue instructing is the requirement for devoted instructors to fill the void of teaching the group of people yet to come with the satisfaction that she got through her achievements and constructive collection with understudies and their folks. Showing them the estimation of self-esteem that advances the adoration for learning and accepting more significant levels of instruction. We will compose a custom paper test on Instructor Interview or on the other hand any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page She likewise said that these youngsters are her understudies, yet in addition an iatrical part of her school family. Throughout the years they accumulated for a few reunions in which she was acquainted with their families. What has been your most noticeably awful instructing second? One of her most exceedingly terrible instructing minutes came as of late in her 28th long periods of educating. At the point when an understudy affronted her by an upheaval of obscenity. She ignored class rules, regard for herself and companions. She bluster and raved about her supplications to turn in totally finished assignments in spite of her explicit lack of regard toward Mrs. Henry. In spite of the fact that, she disregarded Mrs. Henry on various events she despite everything treated her with nobility and regard. This was done to give her that the’re different methods of communicating one’s outrage. She was then elevated to the center school and to Mrs. Henry astonished she came back to her group with an excited embrace and expression of remorse. She disclosed to her that she spent the late spring considering what she had done, and for the most part about how Mr. Henry treated her with affection and regard. What has been your best educating second? Mrs. Henry best training second is that â€Å"oh ho† second when the understudy at last comprehends an aptitude being educated. This was gotten with energy all over shouting that Mrs. Henry makes instructing fun. What do you wish you had known before you begun educating? Ms. Henry wishes she had known she didn’t need those hypothesis classes in school. What might you say your greatest difficulties were as a first-year educator? The greatest test Mrs. Henry had as a first year educator was building up class manages and guaranteeing herself to the understudies, since she came in after the school year had started. What's more, her first day at work as a legislature shut down where all representatives were protesting. This was a significant battle for Mrs. Henry since she thought that it was exceptionally troublesome structure associations with her representatives that believed her to be a ( Scap) which means not demonstrating the dedication of striking. Anyway during the time they turned out to be best of companions. On the off chance that you had one suggestion for a passage year instructor, what might it be? One recommendation she would provide for a first year educator would be, that the encouraging calling empowers love to emphatically change and shape lives. Deep rooted connections can cultivate through and grasp every youngster to become effective individuals from our advanced society. Furthermore, it’s certainly not a get rich calling . In the event that you had it to do once more, what might you change? On the off chance that she could do it once more she might want to change the psyches of significant level authorities, network individuals, and any individual who exploits our youths,by not furnishing them with the important materials, mechanical hardware, and appropriate offices.

Church Leaderhsip and Ministry Evaluation Paper Essay Example for Free

Church Leaderhsip and Ministry Evaluation Paper Essay 1. Would you say that your assemblage (or the individuals inside your specific division or region of service) is â€Å"Living Out the Mind of Christ† (for example Solidarity, Humility, Selflessness) as they collaborate, serve, and clergyman to/with one another? How explicitly do you as a service chief instruct, develop, and keep up â€Å"The Mind of Christ† in your general vicinity of service? Investigating what Dr. Gutierrez lets us know in his book. He separates every single one of the three zones and provides some guidance and an agenda on applying these components to your message. In our Bible investigation and discussions that we have during our gatherings, or social affairs. Somebody is designated each opportunity to research and set up a course of action for us to talk about and have a gathering of the psyches. Similarly as though Jesus was sitting in the stay with His followers. The speaker controls his/her arrangement and gives a ten to brief outline of what they discovered fascinating and gives us an opportunity to respond in questions and feelings. This is an important and responsive response towards the principle wellspring of the material that was introduced. Every one gives their time and when there is a few in the fog there will be a restoration for which the expression of God is announce. Dr. Gutierrez states: â€Å"With an open Bible and a willing soul, you can start an energizing otherworldly excursion that won't just train you in lessons of the Book of Phillippians yet additionally furnish you with shrewd advice and guidance†.1 So in our gathering we have the soul and commitment to be with the Mind of Christ. 2. Okay see yourself as a â€Å"Wounded Healer?† Also, OK please share a model where you have served an individual who is/was â€Å"wounded† in a similar way that you used to be? (cf. II Corinthians 1:3-5) My child and his better half lost my multi month old grandson to drowing and we made some awful memories understading how God would take a valuable infant kid so brimming with life and bliss. We supplicated and scan for answers and found that occasionally awful things simply transpire throughout everyday life. Employment lost everything in being a worker to God, and the villain rebuff Job with torment and enduring yet he never betray the Father. Satan joined his character, wellbeing, property, and youngsters, however Job tumbled down and whorshiped. So when this transpire we thought about Job story and petitioned the Father and in November they will be honored with another child. God will never neglect thee and with this we are modest and more grounded with confidence and salvation in our souls. 3. How explicitly does the Holy Spirit help control you as you lead/serve in your service? Likewise, would you be able to give a particular case of how you had the option to obviously perceive that the Holy Spirit was helping/directing you in managing a specific circumstance and additionally choice while in your service? What exhortation would you give me that, on the off chance that I complied, would guarantee me that I would have the option to be guided by the Holy Spirit in my life and additionally service? The Holy Spirit will give you the correct inquiries to posed and will lead you in the right way to priest to the assemblage. Everytime somebody goes to the raised area we as a whole implore and the Holy Spirit is available and the sentiment of fire is inside all hearts and the euphoric clamor is discharged. The supplications and gestures of recognition are given to the Lord and the congregation is in the fog of recovery. Notice to respect the Father in your life and humble yourself and look for Jesus to lead you toward the path that the Holy Spirit will take you. John 14:16-17; â€Å"And I will ask the Father, and He will give you another Helper, that He may stay with you forever†Ã¢â‚¬Ã¢â‚¬Å"the Spirit of truth, whom the word can't get, on the grounds that it neither sees Him nor knows Him; yet you know Him, for He abides with you and will be in you†.2 4. Do you have an individual way of thinking (for example an endless supply of activity/approach/got convention) of how/when/where you go up against transgression in the lives of 1) co-pastors/co-pioneers in your service, and 2) individuals to whom you serve? Assuming this is the case, what's going on here? How could you result in these present circumstances theory? If not, do you see a requirement for such a way of thinking? Why or Why not? Col: 2:2-3; â€Å"that their hearts might be empowered, being sew together infatuated, and accomplishing all wealth of the full affirmation of comprehension, to the information on the secret of God, both of the Father and of Christ,†Ã¢â‚¬Ã¢â‚¬Å"in whom are concealed all the fortunes of insight and knowledge†.3 These two refrains will give you all that you need the information, astuteness, and realize that way of thinking is the significance of exsistence, reality, information, and goodness on the planet. The Bible with give you the information as long as you read it, study it, and look for answers from God. He sent Jesus to be the extraordinary thinker, instructor to the followers, and all individuals that hear him out. I attempt to set my measures of educating to the approach of the Bible and look for answers from others that have given their life to comprehension God’s word. This considers an immediate way to deal with the individuals I am talking as well and permits them to poses inquiries and ideally I can offer them the right responses. 5. Would i be able to play out a little service test on you? (Keep in mind: This inquiry is taken from the area inside part 25 entitled â€Å"Recalling Encounters with God!†) a. Would you be able to review for me what you explicitly did (for example undertakings performed, individuals you conversed with, the quantity of long periods of administration) on any individual day in your service roughly a month and a half back? Truly I can in light of the fact that it was a period of bliss and satisfaction I simply finish my AA degree in religion and I needed to tell everybody how energized I was that I achieve an objective. It was an individual mission to get a degree in the field and gratitude to Liberty University I put forth a concentrated effort and finish. Despite the fact that I am proceeding with my tutoring I plan to get my BS one year from now about this equivalent time. It has given me all the more a comprehension and furthermore a direction in certain material that gave me greater chance to impart to other people. Look for and you will discover and with the assistance of the Father, and His Son I will be a superior audience and educator. b. Would you be able to review whenever in the past that you were either so moved by hearing a lesson, perusing a book of scriptures refrain, hearing a declaration of a someone’s salvation that had such an effect upon your life that you despite everything have a clear memory of the occasion today? To what extent prior did that otherworldly occasion occur? It has been numerous years prior since my mom died and I truly love my Mom and when she kicked the bucket a piece of me passed on with her. In June 1997 she surrendered this life on this planet and Jesus removed her from us. I have consistently been somebody that composes notes, sonnets and I composed my Mother one and disclosed to her the amount I love her and would missed her and during the burial service the evangelist use it in his lesson. It was a delight inside and I realized that Jesus was with me and the Holy Spirit had convey my Mother to paradise. I could feel her quality on me as He read the letter and a while later numerous individuals came to me and disclosed to me that it was so superb to be so appreciative in cherishing an individual so much, yet is this not what Jesus accomplished for us as He was nailed on the cross and when He approach God to pardon us for our transgressions since we don't have the foggiest idea what we do. Some place and at some point everybody wil l withdraw and ideally there will be that unique love one to recall them as Jesus recollects that us on the cross. c. Would you be able to quickly depict for me how your every day â€Å"Quiet time with God† or your â€Å"Communion time with God† or â€Å"Your Devotion time with God† generally goes? My time with God and Jesus isn't about sufficient opportunity to lower myself and bowed down and supplicate like I should. Continuously to occupied to simply give my opportunity to simply asking and lauding the Father. I realize that being self-centeredness is a wrongdoing and that I should reply to the explanation I went to the game or play golf when I ought to been studing and planning. I do implore and commonly I am separated from everyone else and simply hold nothing back from Him and request absolution and through His valuable Son Jesus to lead me in the straight way that He needs me to go. I would state I am an ordinary man and now and then I miss the mark in regarding our Father and His Son. 6. As a clergyman, would you say you are ever enticed to get serious with either an individual pastor or a neighboring service or pine for the â€Å"success† or assets of different priests and additionally services? How would you conquer this allurement in your life if/when it ever comes up in your heart? What exhortation would you offer me to ensure I stay content with what God explicitly has for me in my own life or potentially service? Going up against another person isn't my concept of serving God and it's anything but a round of winning or losing. Envy is certainly not a noble characteristic to have and to let yourself defeat with desire will definitely crush your kindness with God. For it is composed that the Jews were envious of Jesus and they killed Him on a cross. Despite the fact that you may not executed somebody there are many individuals that slaughter due to desire. In our exercise book â€Å"Ministry is† reveals to us that â€Å"To love is to stop comparing.† It is difficult to have a heart brimming with affection for a Christian sibling and still be desirous or basic toward him at the equivalent time.4 We just need to peruse in Genesis all the envious disdain that happen from the earliest starting point with Cain and Abel, Joseph and His siblings, and Sarah and Hagar just to give some examples these all wound up horrendous and nobody is ever a victor. Our God is a Jealous God in Exodus 20:5 (one of the ten charges) you will not bow down to them nor serve them. â€Å"For I, the Lord your God, am an envious God.†5 The picked individuals addressed a serious cost by venerating different god’s and languish over forty years in th e wild. So don't be desirous of some other service however rejoi

Face the Day

It is frightening to stand before your future armed with only your limited experience and an untested sense of morality. As a senior, I felt this fear well inside me the first day of school this year. The world of college applications, grants and student loans was all new and so intimidating. I felt, as many of my peers must, a profound sense of purposelessness and confusion when I thought about my future. I felt both drawn and repelled by my passion for writing and music, my love of sciences, my phobia toward math. It was as if every small part of me was clamoring to be heard and obeyed.First and foremost I knew I needed happiness. Who doesn't? I wanted to find a field of study and profession that would fit and where I could excel. Second, I wanted financial security - a steady job.I sought an interesting school full of interesting people and interesting classes in an interesting location. In short, I wanted to have my cake and eat it too.In the following months I looked everywhere for answers as well as for someone to tell me what to do with my life. In the end I found my answer. I entered an essay contest sponsored by my local newspaper and came in second, earning a sizable scholarship. This was my first experience in being published. I attended a reception for the winners, and while listening to the speeches, I realized how much I was loving every moment of the evening. It was there, among dozens of journalists and devoted writers, that I had an epiphany.I realized that all I really want to do is put words on paper. For a full year I'd toyed with career options. I'd wondered how to make money, how to be happy, how to be unique. All those questions are important, but on closer examination I realized I was too concerned with what I'd heard and had come to fear what I wanted.Why did I keep making excuses and finding reasons not to write? Because I'd told myself I couldn't make money doing that, and should seek a more "professional" profession. Writing, I'd alw ays reminded myself, was uncertain. Competitive. Difficult.I had been afraid to be myself and to say, "I'm doing what I want to do, what I need to do, no matter how frightening or difficult it might be." Now, after a year of soul-searching, I've come to the conclusion that the answer was inside me all along.In the movies they tell you to follow your dreams, to listen to your heart. It's not as easy as that, but they're right - the best decision you can make is to be yourself. It took an essay contest to make me realize I could earn money for my writing, and now that I know it isn't impossible, writing is only thing I want to do with my life.It's the strangest feeling, this sense of satisfaction that comes after facing your fears. Now I know the truth - I only need a pen, a pad of paper, and an audience to be where I want to be.There's no road map for life, as most seniors will agree. Looking forward after 12 years of school is terrifying - all that stretches beyond is a huge, open w orld of chance and opportunity. I hope other seniors will share this sense of purpose. I hope they know that with only one shot at life, we can't afford not to follow our hearts.

American Revolution, Market Driven or Not - 901 Words

Theme 2 Was the American Revolution largely a product of market-driven consumer forces? The American Revolution paved the way for democratic rule in nations and ignited the spreading thereof throughout the whole world. Yet events that led up the start of the revolution have been mixed in their significance by historians. Both historians, Carl Degler and T.H. Breen agree that the British mercantile system had benefited the colonists, allowing them to have comfortable lifestyles. Madaras L, SoRelle J (2011) An argument of both the historians Carl Degler and Fred Anderson, is that the Victory over the French by the British in the Seven Years’ War enabled the Americans Revolution by removing the Threat of the French the American colonist†¦show more content†¦Madaras L, SoRelle J (2011) amp; Wood S. G. (2003) In 1761 the British began to reinforce writs of assistance, laws that granted customs officials the authority to conduct random searches of property to seek out goods on which required duties had not been paid, not only in public establishments but in private homes. The next step was the Sugar Act of 1764, and it quickly became apparent that the purpose of the act was to extract revenue from America. The Molasses Act of 1733 had placed a tax of six pence per gallon on sugar and molasses imported into the colonies. In 1764 the British lowered the tax to three pence but now eventually decided to enforce it. In addition, taxes were to be placed on other items such as wines, coffee, and textile products, and other restrictions were applied, this upset the colonists. Madaras L, SoRelle J (2011) amp; Wood S. G. (2003) The Currency Act of 1764 prohibited paper currency in Virginia, which reduced the circulation of paper money in America, further burdening the colonies, which were always short of coin currency, the Act led to a rise of poverty in colonies. The British enforcement of the Sugar and Molasses Act quickly cut into the economic welfare of theShow MoreRelatedAmerican Revolution, Market Driven or Not895 Words   |  4 PagesTheme 2 Was the American Revolution largely a product of market-driven consumer forces? The American Revolution paved the way for democratic rule in nations and ignited the spreading thereof throughout the whole world. Yet events that led up the start of the revolution have been mixed in their significance by historians. Both historians, Carl Degler and T.H. Breen agree that the British mercantile system had benefited the colonists, allowing them to have comfortable lifestyles. Madaras L, SoRelleRead MoreCauses Of The Industrial Revolution783 Words   |  4 Pages â€Å"The market revolution was an overwhelmingly agrarian society.† â€Å"The country had the material and human resources but they had yet to be tapped.† Even though most Americans still lived in rural areas, most farmers were now part of a national and even international Market economy.† – (Lecture). â€Å"The role of the courts and the judiciary would be essential for the growth of the economy.’ – (Lecture). There were complicated forms of business organizations, overseas trade, internal expansion, and theRead MoreThe American Grievances Essay1662 Words   |  7 PagesCh. 7-10 Questions 1. Were all the American grievances really justified, or were the British actually being more reasonable than most Americans have traditionally believed? The British were actually more reasonable than most Americans have traditionally believed. For example, the navigation laws, laws that regulated trade to and from the colonies, would be seen as an American grievance but were not really enforced by the British government until 1763, which allowed people to smuggle goods, â€Å"ButRead MoreThe Impact of the Napoleonic Wars on Industrialization810 Words   |  4 Pagesafter the Napoleonic wars. Although the Industrial Revolution began in Britain during the 1700s it was boosted in the early 1800s after the Napoleonic wars because of reform that was needed. Industrialization then started spreading throughout Europe and into North America in the early 1800s. By the mid-1800s industrialization was widespread. This was all a result, somewhat indirectly of the Napoleonic wars. The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain for several reasons. By theRead MoreHow Did Labor Change After The American Revolution?1626 Words   |  7 Pageschange after the American Revolution? THINK ABOUT: How did technology impact the older, artisan labor system, slave labor and industrial labor to 1877? What ideologies were in conflict over â€Å"free labor†? How did gender and regionalism impact attitudes toward labor in American society? The American Revolution was not the only revolution to take place in America. The Industrial revolution was happening all across America in the times leading up to the Civil War. The Industrial Revolution, which came toRead MoreContainers : Case Analysis1009 Words   |  5 Pagestrend that disrupted shipping industry forever. Long before the onset of the Docker or software-based containerization! In the 1960s, the trend of port automation led to a shifting of the shipping market away from the Port of San Francisco to Port of Oakland. Due to Port of Oakland’s role in supplying American troops during the Vietnam War, the Port of Oakland embraced containerization and port automation. This resulted in stealing much of the business away from the nearby Port of San Francisco, whichRead MoreIndustrialization During The Industrial Revolution1180 Words   |  5 PagesIndustrialization in America The Industrial Revolution in the US occurred over a period stretching for over a century, as the production of commodities changed from home businesses to machine-aided production in factories. This was after the factory system evolved from the cottage industry just at the beginning of Industrial Revolution in the late 18th century. The cottage industry was driven by workers who would buy raw materials from merchants and then take it home so that they could produce specificRead MoreThe Impact Of Technological Revolution On North Carolina s Economy Essay905 Words   |  4 Pagesthe technological revolution. The technological revolution is credited for enhancing the U.S. and global economies. While this is true, the effects of the technological revolution varied around the U.S. This paper will focus on the technological revolution effects on North Carolina’s economy. The technological revolution spanned many decades, but for the scope of this paper will be limited to the 1990s through the early 2000s. Prior to the 1990s, the U.S. technology market was dominated by foreignRead MoreThe Impact Of The Industrial Revolution On America1060 Words   |  5 PagesThe American identity is built upon courage which ultimately leads to our success as a society because success can be achieved by anybody in America, this is shown leading up to the first half of the 20th century. During the first century and a half, the United States was focused on territorial expansion and economic growth. This led the United States to become a young vibrant nation. The next half century international and domestic events transpired which led the nation to become a world powerRead MoreThe Election of 1928 for US President664 Words   |  3 Pagespolitical propaganda became essential to running a successful campaign. Three main factors contributed to the rise of a new kind of politics by the election of 1828, the contentious presidential election of 1824, the expansion of the voting right and the American economic Boom. The â€Å"corrupt bargain† presidential election of 1824 led the entire nation to become increasingly political which led to the rise of the two-party system. The split between Clay and Adams on the hand and Jackson on the other hand was

Freedom Movement And Freedom, Freedom And The Abolition...

December 6th 1865 was a big day for americans, seeing as that was the day slavery officially ended when the 13th amendment was ratified. There were plenty of people who contributed and fought for the abolition movement such as john adams, aaron burr, alexander hamilton, and Elijah P Lovejoy, A journalist, minister, publicist, and most importantly, someone who spoke his mind. Lovejoy saw through the views of what everyone around him was taught to believe, and was not afraid to speak out on what he felt strongly about, such as womens suffrage, labor rights, and Abolitionism. As a minister and godly man, â€Å"They saw chattel slavery as an offence in the eyes of god†. Abolition in the 1830s was just blossoming to become a bigger movement, and†¦show more content†¦After this encounter, he decided to flee to Alton, Illinois. There he ordered another printing press, which was again, destroyed by the angry mob. He tried another time to order a printing press, then had it ge t destroyed once more. On his fourth printing press, He was ready to protect it with his life. . The night of Lovejoys death, november 7th, 1837. A mob had stormed lovejoys warehouse with the intentions of destroying the printing press. Lovejoy was killed protecting it, And it was said by the alton mayor that he fired the first shot, killing a mob member before getting killed himself. After lovejoy did die, however, they still managed to destroy his printing press. You can see this as Lovejoy protecting his freedom of press. He knew what was right, he knew what was going on with the lynchings, and slavery was wrong in not only his eyes, but the eyes of god, and he was willing to risk his life to protect those beliefs. Abolitionists were living in fear at this point of time, Lovejoys death having shocked the city. There was such a shock at this time, there was no service for his death, He was buried in an unmarked grave in Alton cemetery, and even his own newspaper didn’t rele ase an obituary. It was not until 1897 that he was given a ceremony and commemoration at the Alton cemetery, after slavery had been ended, which was something he had longed for. Lovejoys death inspired manyShow MoreRelatedThe Path to Aboliton 1312 Words   |  5 Pagesto influence the participation of the abolition movement. One of the many strategies used by American abolitionists was the use of slave narratives. This moral persuasion was a very useful tactic. The creation of these narratives helped white northerners identify with the mindset of an African American slave in the south. The narratives illustrated the experiences slaves overcame to find freedom. Another major strategy that was useful to the slavery movement was the involvement of women abolitionistsRead MoreWilliam Lloyd Garrison And Fredrick Douglass1049 Words   |  5 Pagesrealize during this day and age that slavery was just a terrible historical event in the United States during the early periods and there was a movement of Abolitionism that attempted to rid the United States of slavery. Abolitionist came from several walks of life. There were hundreds of abolitionist as well but some were at the forefront of this movement. William Lloyd Garrison was the founder of the Boston Liberator, the â€Å"Liberator was a newspaper dedicated to universal and immediateRead MoreFrederick Douglass And The Fight For Women s Suffrage1357 Words   |  6 PagesAmericans their freedom, Frederick Douglass became a political activist against the institution of slavery. He combined his efforts with John Brown, an abolitionist, engaging in strong minded debates in figuring out whether the U.S Constitution was proslavery, antislavery, created for the well being of all men or only white men. Douglass gained the knowledge of political reform and how to go about movements, in his case, abolition movements, and later on assisting in women rights movements. He learnedRead MoreAmerica s Abolition Of Slavery976 Words   |  4 PagesEsteban Gonzalez Professor Dermody U.S. History November 16, 2014 America’s Abolition of Slavery â€Å"Every man has a property in his own person. This nobody has a right to but himself,†- John Locke. Those who are born into America today are farther and farther removed from a dark chapter in U.S. History. In America, the second you are born you have the unalienable rights to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. This wasn’t always the case. The enslaving of African American’s was a way of lifeRead MoreHenry David Thoreaus Views Of Freedom And Freedom804 Words   |  4 PagesDuring the Antebellum Period (1814-1861) in the United States, there were many ideas about freedom and liberty. In the books Voices of Freedom and Liberty of Freedom, the authors explain two main ideas that originated from two groups of people: abolitionists and individualists. These groups impacted and helped shape freedom and liberty. To have a better understanding of the groups and their views on freedom and liberty, we can look at a main leader from each group. For the abol itionist group, we canRead MoreSlavery1305 Words   |  6 Pagesoften complete their tasks in the early afternoon. With the growing rate of slavery, many slaves contemplated the idea of running away to try and gain their freedom. In 1693 Florida, which at that point was still part of Spain, granted the runaways that freedom stating if the runaways would convert to Catholicism they would be granted freedom. Since South Carolina was so close to Florida many slaves ran away and took advantage of this offer. In 1708 enslaved Indians composed as much as fourteenRead MoreFrederick Douglass : African American Freedom Struggle888 Words   |  4 PagesAmerican freedom struggle during the 1860’s with the help of the abolitionist movement. Before becoming a famous spokesman Douglass was just like every other African American slave, attempting to find a way to freedom. Douglass’ runaway slave status quickly changed when abolitionist bought his freedom in hopes to strengthen the abolitionist movement. Since abolitionists were able to recognize Douglass’ intellectual abilities it made him a key aspect towards the success in the abolitionist movement, AfricanRead MoreSlave Fredrick Douglass772 Words   |  3 PagesA man of hope and undying perseverance, Frederick Douglass escapes the shackles of slavery into the safety of the North, where he achieves the ultimate dream of the southern slave: freedom. He overcomes his struggles with his identity and knowledge of his past. In h is Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, the cruelty and inhumane ways of slaveholders are depicted in their truest forms through the personal accounts of Frederick Douglass. Douglass is fearful of having to stay as a slave forRead MoreThe Rebellion Of The Vesey Uprising Of Charleston, South Carolina1379 Words   |  6 Pagessuspected when the militia had found them; for that, he was captured, tried and hung for his crimes. The Texas Slave Insurrection in 1860 was when there many fires destroyed businesses in Dallas and seven other towns in Texas. The fires were part of an abolition plot to free slaves and massacre whites. These fires led to many losses including stores, mills, businesses and over a million dollars. â€Å"Loss estimated at between $1,500,000 and $2,000,000. Since then the Abolitionists have been detected in attemptsRead MoreThe Abolition Movement Of The 1800s1547 Words   |  7 Pages The Abolition Movement in the 1800s was a controversial time for America. There were many who fought for the right to keep slaves, but there were also many who fought for the freedom of slaves. People like Fredrick Douglass Anthony Burns, and works such as Uncle Tom’s Cabin gave a sense of liberty to the people who did not understand how little they had, and how restricted they were. Many factors had key roles within this movement, each becoming important, and crucial to the abolishment of slav ery

Associates Degree vs Bachelors Degree free essay sample

Nursing education has progressed throughout history from one of uneducated lay persons to the current standards we know today. As the career has progressed it has become apparent that there is a need for a skilled labor forced trained to deal with the sick and dying, â€Å"the provision of nursing care by American women†¦demonstrated the effectiveness of skilled nursing on improving outcomes for sick and injured soldiers†. However, as the career progresses so does the need for more specialized training amongst nurses to help them deal with the changing atmosphere of patient care. The future of nursing is trending towards care that involves not only treating the signs and symptoms, but enhancing the patient’s health through prevention and education. In order to meet these new demands the nurse of today needs to be skilled to handle these changes. Bachelor’s degree nursing programs â€Å"encompass all of the course work taught in associate degree and diploma programs, plus a more in-depth treatment of the physical and social science, nursing research, public and community health, nursing management, and the humanities† (Baccalaureate Degree, 2001). This additional training prepares the nurse to have a better understanding of the outside influences that might affect their patient, along with providing them with a scope of practice that is typically broader than that of their associate counterparts (Baccalaureate Degree, 2001). These skills become important for the nurse, they can range the gamut from being able to make split second decisions in critical patient situations to simply designing a comprehensive plan of care for the patient. Many hospitals are currently recognizing the significance of the bachelors prepared nurse and are affording these nurses more responsibilities in providing patient care that highlight the complexity of the their skills over that of associate degree trained nurses (Baccalaureate Degree, 2001). â€Å"Throughout the last decade, policymakers and practice leaders have ecognized that education makes a difference† (Impact of Education, n. d. ). Hospitals are also trending towards preferred hiring of bachelors prepared nurses for their workforce. Even national organizations are jumping on the bandwagon requiring â€Å"all nurse managers and nurse leaders to hold a baccalaureate or graduate degree in nursing by 2013† (Impact of Education, n. d. ), likewise the Institute of Medicine has also recommended that all hospitals have at least 80% of their nursing staff with a BSN or higher by the year 2020 (Impact of Education, n. . ). Recent research has shown that hospitals and health care organizations that employ a higher number of bachelors prepared nurses see better patient outcomes as a result of the nurse having a greater capacity to practice (Impact of Education, n. d. ). Studies have shown that bachelors prepared nurses practice more confidently and as a result can react faster to patient situations resulting in better outcomes (Impact of Education, n. . ). Also a bachelor’s prepared nurse is trained more extensively in â€Å"clinical, scientific, decision making, and humanistic skills, including preparation in community health, patient education, and nursing management and leadership† (Baccalaureate Degree, 2001) The education that patients get in how to care for themselves after leaving the hospital leads to better outcomes once they are gone and less recurrence of illness. The bachelors prepared nurse is better trained to handle this as their skills â€Å"are essential for practice in other community sites, such as health maintenance organizations, home health services, community clinics, and managed care firms† (Baccalaureate Degree, 2001). Also multiple studies form a variety of healthcare facilities have shown a link between a decrease in patient mortality at facilities that employ a higher percentage of bachelors trained nurses. In some cases the incidence of mortality has decreased by as much as 5% with an increase in bachelors prepared nurses at the bedside (Baccalaureate Degree, 2001). The definition of nursing according to the American Nurses Association is the following: â€Å"Nursing is the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities, prevention of illness and injury, alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response, and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and populations† (2012). Nurses first and foremost treat patients through education. In the situation where a patient is admitted to the hospital, teaching beings at admission but the ole of the bachelors trained nurses and the associates trained nurse differs in the roles that they play. In hospitals â€Å"baccalaureate-prepared nurses are utilized in ways that recognize their different education preparation and competency from other entry-level RNs† (Baccalaureate Degree, 2001). These nurses are being afforded the ability to take on more tasks including preparing a plan that incorporates all aspects of the patients care f rom before they are admitted, encompassing their entire stay and ending with preparing a plan of care for the patient to follow at home. They also keep the lines of communication open between all of the different disciplines involved and coordinate care between them. This is because â€Å"studies have also found that nurses prepared at the baccalaureate level have stronger communication and problem solving skills (Johnson, 1988, as cited by Boren 2012) and a higher proficiency in their ability to make nursing diagnoses and evaluate nursing interventions (Giger amp; Davidhizar, 1990, as cited by Boren 2012)†, (Impact of Education, n. . ). In the same situation an associate degree nurse would still provide education but they would participate by providing care at the bedside and teaching on less complex situations such as â€Å"how to cope with their conditions and to maintain their care upon discharge† (Baccalaureate Degree, 2001). Nursing is a constantly evolving career and as nurses the best way to be prepared for these changes is to be educated and to constantly strive to improve and continue our educa tion. The bachelor’s degree program prepares the nurse to be better prepared to handle the workforce through several aspects. Bachelors prepared nurses have a wider knowledge base which can result in improved patient safety, lower mortality rates, and better patient education which in the end results in better patient outcomes.

Panic Attacks free essay sample

Beryls father had died 5 years ago and her mother had recently been diagnosed with having dementia. Beryl was seeing her GP on a regular basis, seeking re-assurance with chest pains. She had undergone a number of medical tests and her physical health was good for her age. The Assessment Beryl reported that she first experienced panic attacks as a teenager, and could remember difficult arguments with her father. Her GP prescribed medication for anxiety and panic attacks when she was in her early twenties, during a stressful time in her work environment, being married with 2 small children and running a home. The work situation was not resolved and Beryl was eventually made redundant. She remained at home, looking after the children and her husband. Beryls father died when she in her thirties, which left Beryl feeling responsible for her mother, who could not adjust to losing her husband. The Approach Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy (REBT) was selected because it can teach the client how to replace negative thinking with positive thinking and uses cognitive exercises to dispel irrational beliefs. We will write a custom essay sample on Panic Attacks or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In the initial assessment, there was clear evidence that Beryl wanted to make a change and she was keen to engage in homework tasks. She was able to focus on the relevant issues for therapy and her treatment goals were discussed and agreed. At times of increased stress for Beryl, a vicious cycle was activated, involving fear, physical symptoms, catastrophic interpretations of bodily sensations, and safety behaviours. Treatment work addressed the panic attacks which, in turn, led to a shift with the agoraphobic symptoms. The validity of Beryls catastrophic interpretations was tested out through discussion and ehavioural experiments. Alternative non-catastrophic thinking was introduced and safety behaviours were identified and decreased. Throughout therapy, Beryl was encouraged to keep a diary to identify her unhelpful thinking which led to her negative feelings and behaviour. She was also encouraged to talk about her fears which enabled Beryl to see that they were unfounded. Conclusio n Due to Beryls high level of motivation, therapy progressed well and only 8 sessions of REBT were appropriate to bring about lasting change.

How to Stay Calm During Finals Week

How to Stay Calm During Finals Week While college stress is constant throughout the semester, college stress during finals week takes it to a whole new level. These six easy ways to rest and relax during finals week can help you make it through the madness. Remove Yourself From the  Stress Get time away/alone. Chances are, everyone you know at school is stressed during finals week, too. Take a few minutes to take a walk off-campus, treat yourself to a coffee in a place not full of stressed students, or find some other way/place that you can get yourself out of the finals-week environment, if even just for a few minutes. Unplug and Reboot Before Exams Spend 3-5 minutes not doing anything. This is often more challenging than it sounds. But take a few minutes to turn off all of your technology and sit and relax- even meditate, if you can. Those few minutes can calm your mind and your spirit while helping you  refocus and recharge. Have Some Fun Spend 15-20 minutes doing something purely for fun. The break for your brain will do wonders for its productivity later. Watch silly YouTube videos, read a trashy magazine, play a video game, or Skype with a friend far away. Hit the Gym Get some exercise in a low-stress situation. Translation: practice with your basketball team doesnt count. Go for a relaxing walk, ride your bike without knowing where youll end up, or go for a quick jog. And if its too cold outside, try something new in the gym. You might be surprised by how relaxed- and energized!- you feel afterward. Watch the Game Attend a sporting event.  If youre studying for finals at the end of the fall semester, chances are you can attend a football or basketball game during finals week. Leave your books in your room and really let yourself relax and enjoy, knowing that the time spent away will help your studying later. Get Things out of Your Brain and Onto Paper Make a list- and write down everything. For some people, making a list can really help reduce stress because it helps put things in perspective. The best way to get things organized  and to get a feeling of satisfaction is to write down every single thing you need to do- like eating breakfast/lunch/dinner, doing laundry, getting some sleep, and going to class. Getting things written down- and then crossed off- can do wonders for your sense of control and accomplishment during a very busy time.

International Political Economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

International Political Economy - Essay Example Markets are used in the distribution of resources in the capitalist system but some States that use the capitalist economies distribute their services and goods in nonmarket ways. Gilpin and Gilpin (2001) stated that in the United State of America, for example, some services such as distribution of food via stamps to the needy population and fire, police and park services are done basing on the needs of the citizens and not focused on certain market exchanges. The statement according to Gilpin that states, â€Å"Marxism survives as an analytical tool and critique of capitalism and it will continue to survive as long as those flaws of the capitalist system emphasized by Marx and his followers remain† is true considering what is currently happening in the World. This paper is going to discuss the flaws of the capitalist system described by Marx and his followers such as Harvey and it will additionally discuss the recent economic crisis that proves that Marxism is still alive. Gilpin and Gilpin (2001) stated that the capitalist system leads to the loss of democratic, economic, and political power for majority of the people in the society because capitalism encourages large concentration of property and money in the hands of the few countable individuals of the human population hence leading to an increase in the gap between majority population and the elites. The wealth and income inequalities makes few individuals in the society to enjoy the ownership of wealth and live healthy lives as others remain poor and struggle to acquire their basic needs by working for the rich. The dominance of large bureaucratic corporations in the capitalist markets that are required by the shareholders to generate more profits make the lives of the citizens miserable because sometime their costs do not favor the social welfare of the people. Gilpin and Gilpin (2001) criticized the corporate capitalism where the large

Building Bridges Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Building Bridges - Essay Example In this case, Erin is lecturing about how time can be maximally used to produce a high output. The cost used to set up a project should be realistic and should have returns. Every business or project management aims at making profits (output) and time and cost are the core factors for a profitable output (Beierwaltes). The On starting a project, one should first construct a WBS (work breakdown structure). A WBS consists of a schedule on how the project will progress and the time assigned to ach task in the project. There are three constraints on a project, i.e., time, scope, and the cost. The scope is results that are expected from the project and time constraint is the scheduled time to complete a given task. Cost is the primary constraint in the discussion because it is the amount of capital available for a company to complete its project successfully. The Cost must be budgeted at the beginning of a project, and it should have an excess. The reason is; if after a long period there will be mismanagement of funds, then the excess capital will be used to complete the

Privacy in the Workplace Essay Example for Free

Privacy in the Workplace Essay There are specific laws that protect consumers as well as employees in the workplace. Many of these laws relate to others. Laws, such as, FERPA, SOX, CIPA, and COPPA also grant rights to individuals under the First Amendment. Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) protects a child’s student records from being viewed without parental consent. It gives parents access to their childs education records, an opportunity to seek to have the records amended, and some control over the disclosure of information from the records. When the child becomes 18 years old, the parents are no longer obligated to have rights to access the child’s personal records. Childrens Internet Protection Act (CIPA) is also engineered to the protection of children. Children are to be protected physically and mentally while in the care of school professionals. Schools must have policies in place protecting children from accessing harmful or obscene content over the internet. This law requires that K-12 schools and libraries in the United States use Internet filters and implement other measures to protect children from harmful online content as a condition for federal funding. The Child Online Protection Act (COPPA) applies to the online collection of personal information by persons or entities under U.S. jurisdiction from children under 13 years of age. It details what a website operator must include in a privacy policy, when and how to seek verifiable consent from a parent or guardian, and what responsibilities an operator has to protect childrens privacy and safety online including restrictions on the marketing to those under 13. While children under 13 can legally give out personal information with their parents permission, many websites disallow underage  children from using their services altogether due to the amount of cash and work involved in the law compliance. Sarbanes–Oxley (SOX) set new or enhanced standards for all U.S. public company boards, management and public accounting firms. The sections of the bill cover responsibilities of a public corporations board of directors, adds criminal penalties for certain misconduct, and required the Securities and Exchange Commission to create regulations to define how public corporations are to comply with the law.

Oregon, The Free State :: essays research papers fc

Oregon, The Free State   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Portland is one of the most beautiful and efficient cities ever developed in the United States. It is surrounded by the rich soil and forestry as well as the mountains and rivers that Oregon has to offer. From personal experiences, I can tell you that it is one of the most breathtaking picturesque places in the Country. However, developers see this place as an asset to their financial prosperity rather than a peaceful place. They want to continue with the latest trend by developing more shopping complexes outside of the city. And not only that but, also destroy historical buildings downtown for an expressway. Oregon’s rich country and growth are becoming a threat to its own well being. That is why it is necessary for Oregon to continue with their zoning laws. In attempt to rescue their city in 1978, they approved the nation’s first directly elected metropolitan government, which coordinated the growth-management plans of three counties and twenty-four municipalities in the Portland metropolitan region. This government set aside an area of 234,000 acres which would be solely used for developing for the next 20 years. Everything else would be left for nature. That government would also look over each development plan in that area before it was constructed. This ensured nothing would be too drastic and ruin the atmosphere of the city. As a matter of fact the city was developed so that no buildings would block the view of Mount Hood, and so that no skyscrapers would run up against the river’s edge. Transportation was another problem for Oregon. The developers were constantly trying to demolish historic buildings to make way for freeways. Mayor Goldschmidt’s response was, â€Å"But in the rush to grab federal highway funds, cities built highways indiscriminately, against their long term interests, paving the way toward decentralization, disinvestment, and ultimate decay (Moe and Wilkie 220).† Instead, Portland wanted to do something else with their funds. Portland did not want little parking lots filling the city from all of the cars coming from the suburbs. Goldschmidt’s words were, â€Å"We have a downtown plan, an economic study, that says don’t have these little, small postage-stamp lots. They’re bad for circulation. They’re bad for air quality. And they frustrate the parkers who expect to find parking when they get to these lots, but there isn’t any there (Moe and Wilkie).† Instead they constructed a fifteen-mile light-rail line to the eastern suburbs in the 1980’s.

World challenges in the next fifty years and computer technology

In this century many nations throughout the world are facing many challenges. Most of these challenges are caused by population and technologies. Population has been increasing thereby straining the available resources as a result of inadequate measures being put in place. The steps taken to solve the problems experienced in the world are inefficient and are not concentrated on the main issues. In addition to that they do not address the root cause of the problems. Technology is also affecting the world adversely as some of the innovations are not protecting or preserving the environment. Consequently, there are economic problems as the economy of most nations is declining. The world is experiencing an economic recession. Inflation rates are also going up in most nations thereby leading to increased prices for commodities. In the next fifty years the world will face many challenges and some of these challenges include; energy, water, environment, education, poverty and many others. a) Energy At present, nations are investing many funds in research and exploiting natural resources in their territories. The use of non-renewable energy has grown tremendously as almost every invention is using this type of energy. Most modes of transportation are using this type of energy. Most vehicles, public or private are using petroleum products. Similarly, all airplanes are using non-renewable energy for engine combustion. Consequently, the first ships which were invented utilized renewable energy sources but currently for high speed purposes are using non-renewable energy sources. As result of the high demand for non-renewable energy, the reserves are getting depleted. Because of increased demand, oil companies are forced to increase their supply thereby leading to investment of more funds in exploration of more fuel reserves. In the next coming years this trend will continue thereby leading to excessive energy demand and this will affect the world negatively (Organization for Economic Cooperation and development 8). As a result of increased energy demand, the entire world will experience fuel shortages thereby leading to excessive increase in the cost of energy. At the present times, problems related energy has started to emerge and people are feeling its effects as energy prices are going up. This is reflective of what the next fifty years will be. The energy problem is expected to worsen in the next fifty years if alternatives are not sought. In solving the energy problems in the next fifty years computer technology will be very useful and especially if utilized effectively. Innovations in this technology will provide alternative energy sources. As result of more innovations and developments in the computer technology better chips which can power large buildings, automobiles, airplanes among others will be developed. Such technology will reduce the strains experienced by the energy reserves as a result of high energy demand. Currently, such chips have begun to be built (Borealis) and this can be viewed to be a step in the right direction as it leads to better energy sources. Some companies have begun investing financial resources in such innovations; therefore in the next fifty years energy problems will be eliminated. In addition to that computer technology will be helpful in exploration of more energy sources. Currently, the use of computer technology is increasing in energy exploration, but in the next fifty years its use will become more extensive. ) Environment and Water As result of the concentration of large populations in the large towns different forms of transportation have come up and are utilized. Most commonly used mode of transportation include; automobiles, trains, subways, and airplanes. These modes have made people more flexible as they can choose where to work, live and even invest their resources. However, in spite of the benefits provided by these modes of transportation, they have le d to problems related to safety and health of the people as they cause environmental pollution. This can mainly be attributed to fossil fuel combustion as most of them use non-renewable energy thereby leading to high carbon emissions (Benn). Consequently, as a result of industrialization the number of industries has increased and will continue to increase in the next fifty years. These industries are causing much pollution through machineries or technologies used in the production of goods and services. Most of these industries and especially the construction industries are causing noise pollution and in addition to that are degrading agricultural land as most of their raw materials come from land. As a result of land degradation in the next fifty years there will be increased cases of food shortages since they will not be enough land for cultivation. In the next fifty years the world will face more and tougher challenges related to environmental pollution due to increased number of industries and in addition to that the demand for transportation will increased greatly. More vehicles, airplanes, trains among others will be used greatly thereby causing much pollution in the environment. Consequently, as a result of increased environmental pollution a hot debate has emerged concerning global warming. Environmental pollution is leading to changes in the climate as temperatures are increasing. In the next coming years, as result of increased pollution, the world will be affected adversely and the safety and health of individuals will be reduced greatly as a result increased chances of disease infection. Furthermore, as a result of increased pollution caused primarily by industries, water shortages might be experienced as many sources of water and especially rivers will be polluted thereby making water unsafe for human consumption (Molden). Water pollution will occur as a result of industries not disposing their wastes properly thereby allowing industrial wastes to get into rivers and lakes. Additionally, water shortages might also occur as a result of changes in climate thereby leading inadequate rainfall. With increased climate changes temperatures will increase thereby leading to drying of rivers and other water reserves. This will in turn have a negative effect on food as crops in the field will dry-up thereby leading to food scarcity. However, in the next fifty years as a result of improvements in the computer technology problems related to environment and water will be solved. If utilized effectively and efficiently in the next fifty years computer technology will contribute much in relieving the world environmental and water problems. Through the computer technology modes of transportation which are environmental friendly will be invented. This can be attributed to the efficiency and effectiveness provided by the computer technology in doing research. Therefore, in the next fifty years vehicles which are cleaner, greener, safer and more energy efficient will be developed and used (Yang & Parent 17). Currently, the effects of computer technology have begun to be felt as scientists are concentrating on developing such vehicles. Furthermore, computer technology will also be useful in wastage management through development of software that control and manage wastes in industries. It will also be use for development of better technologies or systems for waste disposal thereby leading to reductions in wastes getting in the water sources. Consequently, computer technology will contribute greatly in water treatment thereby relieving water shortage problems. As a result of computer technology contribution in improving research better ways of treating water will be discovered thereby leading to increased quantity and quality of water. c) Education and poverty The world population has been increasing at a very fast pace thereby straining the resources available. For instance, in 1990 the population was more than 5. 2 billion while in 2000 it grew to more than 6 billion (Infoplease). At that rate the world population will reach more than ten billion in the next fifty years. People are moving from rural or smaller cities towards larger cities thereby increasing population size in these cities. In the next fifty years, more than a hundred cities are expected to contain over ten million people (Parent 1). As a result of population increase, learning institutions will be strained. Materials for learning will not be adequate due to excessive number of students. This to some extent will lower the quality of education as the number of students per teacher will become greater that the required number. As a result of high population increase and increased demand for education, teachers and lectures will be overloaded and this will affect their performance adversely. Consequently, poverty will increase as a result of increased rate of illiteracy. With high education demand, the cost of acquiring education will be increased greatly thereby locking out individuals from the lower social class. Education will therefore belong to individuals of high and middle social class. Since lower class individuals constitute majority of the world population, there will be increased illiteracy rate and in turn increased poverty level. Education is essential in improving the lives of people as it equips them with knowledge and skills which are helpful in building a great future. It also opens up their minds thereby enabling them to solve issues or problems in their lives with much ease. Furthermore, the level of poverty will also increase in the next fifty years as a result of increased demand for basic commodities. Because of increased population, prices of basic commodities will go up thereby becoming expensive to a large number of individuals. Many people will not affordable to meet their basic needs as a result of increased prices thereby increasing the level of poverty. Additionally, as a result of the current economic downturn and high inflation rate, in the next fifty years many people will become poor. Many businesses will be closed as a result of incurring many losses thereby leading to increased unemployment level. People will lose their jobs as a result of deterioration economy and volatile global markets (Monks). Currently, technology has boosted education greatly. Through the internet individuals can acquire knowledge and skills wherever they are regardless of their distance from the learning institution. As a result of technology learning materials are sufficient for the students and they can use them regardless of their location. In the next fifty years because of increased population size demand for education will increase thereby raising the need for more innovative and efficient technology. Technology will therefore contribute greatly in reducing congestion in the learning institutions and in ensuring maintenance of high quality education. Conclusion. In the next fifty years computer technology will play a vital role in relieving the problems facing the world. In spite of the finances which will be required in developing computer technology, investing in this technology will not be a financial wastage. In ensuring that computer technology is adequate developed and thus helpful in the future, financial support is essential. Companies and other organizations need to invest more funds in innovations that are geared towards improving this technology. In the coming years the need for computer technology will increase and will become a necessity in improving the people's lives.

Corporate Social Responsibility On A Social Level

Kirtan Bodawala September 27, 2014 E.Mylonas Eng. for Occupational Purposes Abstract The purpose of this paper is to understand how a large progressive company operates in the corporate world as well as fulfills their corporate responsibility on a social level. While corporate responsibility is important, it is always viewed through the fiscal viability dimension of the maelstrom. The business case dominates the representation and operationalization of corporate responsibility. Due to the increased public sensitivity to corporate responsibility, the attitude has evolved from the unnecessary intrusion, through proactive operation focus, to compliance based; one residing within shareholder relations and legal. In this paper, I will continue to answer the question how a corporation respects the interests of its stakeholders and reflects those interests in its actions and accountability, as well as a summarization of their development towards corporate and social responsibility. Introduction The aim of this paper is to explore Corporate Social Responsibility in the framework of business ethics. Companies, in this modern day and age, are urged to show more responsibility towards society while operation their businesses. According to Milton Friedman, â€Å"there is one and only one social responsibility of business: to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profits so long as it stays within the rules of the game, which is to say, engages in open andShow MoreRelatedThe Relationship Between Corporate Social Responsibility and Ethic at the Leadership Level of Companies1691 Words   |  7 PagesWhat is corporate social responsibility (CSR)? 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He states the relationship between societyRead MoreJapan s Corporate Social Responsibility989 Words   |  4 Pagesof different cultures, organizations, levels of education, or any other diversity of differences. This mindset deems it necessary for corporations in this situation to have a strategy in developing positive public relations. This strategy is known as corporate social responsibility. In the article, seven case studies of Japanese Multinational Corporations operating in South Africa and Tanzania are examined, which consider how the corporate social responsibility is influenced by organisational geographiesRead MoreSocial Marketing1409 Words   |  6 Pageswill never compare to the reach and the resources that governments hold. Additionally when deep and radical solutions are required, governments are the most capable institution to face such sit uation (Trebeck, 2008). 3.4 Developing Corporate Social Responsibility The adaptation and execution process for companies willing to incorporate CSR into their regular practices may be found to be rather complicated and investment demanding. As Henderson (2001) highlights: ‘CSR involves the adoptionRead MoreCorporate Social Responsibility ( Csr ) Essay1369 Words   |  6 Pageshave a responsibility to give back to the customers they serve and the communities they operate in. Today, many organizations have realized the importance of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in response to consumers and stakeholders becoming more mindful of social issues. Corporate social responsibility has continued to change and grow. It can be difficult to define CSR because it takes on a variety of social, economic, political and environmental formats depending on the business. Corporate socialRead MoreIKEA Global Sourcing Challenge: Indian Rugs and Child Labor1176 Words   |  5 Pagesin the world. IKEA s procurement philosophy and assessment of suppliers mainly include four aspects: continuous price improvement; strict supplier performance and service levels; good quality and healthy products; and environmental and social responsibility (IKEA Sustainability Re port 2011). In the aspect of social responsibility, IKEA does not accept child labour, but also actively prevents the use of child labour when its supplier Indian Rugs is revealed to use child labour (Bartlett et al., 2006)Read MoreEthics And Corporate Social Responsibility1637 Words   |  7 PagesManaging Sustainability: Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility in the post-bureaucratic era. â€Å"Leadership is the process of directing, controlling, motivating and inspiring staff toward the realization of stated organizational goals† (Clegg, S.R. Kornberger, M. Pitsis. 2011, p.126.) Leadership in the post-bureaucratic era is essential for the success of a company, and also plays part into the Sustainability of Ethics and Corporate Social Responsibility for an enterprise. In this essay I will

Joseph Campbell The Power of Myth - 1469 Words

Madison Beecher Mr. Ritchey Literature and Composition 21 February 2013 Harkness Questions: The Power of Myth Chapters 1-3 1. Myth reveals spiritual truth about the world. Why read myths? You need myths to find your truth. You have elaborate myths to compare to everyday experiences and to other myths. â€Å"Myths give a meaning to life (Campbell, 5). Mythology is a collection of stories based on one’s knowledge and stories of experience. Myths are clues to life meaning. They are clues to â€Å"spiritual potentialities† or your potential to develop spiritually and finding your inner self. For example, marriage creates a transformation in us spiritually because it transforms our perspective of ourselves and our ability to sacrifice. 2. Do people†¦show more content†¦These records reflect mythical reality. The same concept of nothing, paradise, and distance from the creator. Cultures like Christianity, Bassari tribes of West Africa, and the Pima Indians. 3. What is a metaphor and how does it operate in religion? How does metaphor assist one with the â€Å"journey inward†? A metaphor is a comparison that suggests something else. In religion, Campbell says that the metaphors used are not literal. It was a metaphor and in his definition metaphors are not to be taken literally. Myths are written in a way to be discovered and unknown so it is able to awaken your inner self. It is deeper that what most people have been interpreting it as. People may believe that Campbell was undermining Christianity when he said Jesus never really ascended into heaven when in fact he was just cracking the code. It was a metaphor. Society’s problem is that we don’t use connotation to interpret metaphors and myths, but use denotation. 4. How do myths help us to connect to the spiritual world? Myths and religion share the same qualities. Myths help connect to the spiritual world. â€Å"The myth is for spiritual instruction† (Campbell, 59). Myths help us relate to other spiritual references. Campbell uses the example of reincarnation and how it ties into other concepts of religion also, â€Å"†¦.dimensions of your being and a potential for realization and consciousness that are not included with the concept of yourself.† (Campbell,70). In religion, you come out a newShow MoreRelatedThe Power Of Myth By Joseph Campbell1500 Words   |  6 Pageswhich then have their own distinct characteristics. Joseph Campbell was a celebrated American scholar who studied mythology, having popularized the idea of the hero’s journey. The Power of Myth is a book based on the six-episode documentary Joseph Campbell and the Power of Myth, in which Campbell and interviewer Bill Moyers examine the human world. Both discuss Campbell’s thoughts about mythology, and ultimately culture. 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Exam 2 Operations Management - 2658 Words

Exam 2 1. award: 0 out of 10 points The objective of strategic capacity planning is to provide an approach for determining the overall capacity level of labor-intensive resources. | False | 2. award: 10 out of 10 points Best operating level is the volume of output at which average unit cost is minimized. | True | 4. award: 10 out of 10 points Overtime and personnel transfers are solutions to capacity problems in the intermediate term. | False | 5. award: 10 out of 10 points Capacity flexibility means having the ability to rapidly increase or decrease production levels, or to shift production capacity quickly from one product or service to another. | True |†¦show more content†¦The assembly line needs to produce 6 units per hour and there is room for only four workstations. The tasks and the order in which they must be performed are shown in the following table. 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Corporate Evaluation Analysis †Avon Products Free Essays

string(75) " is that they are familiar names that offer the necessities of daily life\." Table of Contents I. Company History†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. We will write a custom essay sample on Corporate Evaluation Analysis – Avon Products or any similar topic only for you Order Now Pg. 3 II. Recent News†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Pg. 5 III. Industry Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Pg. 8 IV. SWOT Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Pg. 15 V. Value Line Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚ ¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Pg. 15 VI. Ratio Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Pg. 18 VII. Regression Descriptive Statistics – Growth Analysis†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Pg. 20 VIII. Growth Analysis, Estimates for Earnings Employed in DDM, DDM including Discount Rate, and Other Assessments of Risk†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Pg. 23 IX. Other Valuation Parameters†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Pg. 26 X. Rule #1†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Pg. 28 XI. Conclusions/Final Stock Judgment†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Pg. 31 XII. References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢ € ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Pg. 33 XIII. Appendix†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Pg. 35 I. Company History In general, Avon Products, Inc. is a U. S. cosmetics, perfume, jewelry, skin care, personal care and children’s products seller with markets in over 140 countries across the world and sales of $9. 9 billion worldwide. Avon Founder David H. McConnell offered women a rarity in 19th century America: a chance at financial independence. In 1886, it was practically unheard of for a woman to run her own business. Only about 5 million women in the United States were working outside the home, let alone climbing the ranks of any corporate ladder. That number accounted for just 20% of all women (Avon. com). The man behind the company for women was the son of Irish immigrants and grew up on a farm. Yet, it was this young man from rural New York, a visionary leader decades ahead of his time, who would become a pioneer in empowering women. McConnell, a bookseller-turned-perfume entrepreneur, would offer women the opportunity to create and manage their own businesses through what later became known as direct selling. David H. McConnell sold books door-to-door and gave out perfume to entice women to buy his books. His perfume proved to be much more popular than his books, so he then founded the California Perfume Company (CPC) in New York, New York. Mrs. P. F. E Albee, a 50-year old wife and mother of two, became the California Perfume Company’s first Representative. The legendary Mrs. Albee is still considered a role model for Avon Representatives today and is credited with creating the company’s system for distributing products. The California Perfume Company was incorporated on January 28, 1916 by David H. McConnell and Alexander D. Henderson (businessman) in Suffern, New York. By 1918, five million units were sold in North America, and by 1928, sales reached $2 million. In October 1939, the name was changed to Avon Products, Inc; McConnell had visited Stratford-Upon-Avon (UK) and had liked the town so much, that he renamed his company after it. The company was taken public in 1946 with OTC stock. By 1954, sales reached $55 million, and the â€Å"Avon Calling† advertising campaign was introduced, making it one of the largest and most successful advertising campaigns in history (Avon. com). In the 1960’s and 1970’s, Avon was one of Wall Street’s favorite â€Å"Nifty Fifty† stocks, a group of well-regarded, â€Å"buy and hold† blue chips that also included Xerox, Disney, and McDonald’s. These stocks helped drive the bull market of the early 1970s in the U. S. , with Avon’s stock soaring to $140. The Nifty Fifty bubble later bursts, sending U. S. stocks plunging. Avon was listed on the NYSE as AVP in 1964. By 1979, sales reached $3 billion, with one million direct sales agents. Today sales exceed $10 billion worldwide. In June 1989, Avon became the first major cosmetic company to announce a permanent end to animal testing on all Avon-manufactured products. Avon does not conduct animal testing on any of its products or raw ingredients and does not require that suppliers of raw ingredients and finished products produced for Avon conduct animal testing on our behalf. In addition to its corporate pursuits, the Avon corporation is involved in philanthropic causes. The Avon Foundation for Women, an accredited 501(c)(3) public charity, is the largest corporate-affiliated philanthropy for women in the world. Avon has been committed to helping women achieve their highest potential of economic opportunity and self-fulfillment by empowering them through scholarships and support for other forms of educational and occupational training and advancement. The Avon Foundation is currently focused on two key causes: breast cancer and domestic violence. Through 2009, Avon global philanthropy raised and donated more than $725 million worldwide for causes most important to women. Since 1992 in more than 50 countries around the globe, millions of dedicated Avon Representatives have sold special Avon cause products, raising almost $150 million to end breast cancer and domestic violence and to help in times of global emergencies. In 1999, the first woman CEO was named: Andrea Jung. In 2003, â€Å"mark. â€Å", which is targeted to younger, college-aged women, was created to help the company reach out into markets it had not previously serviced. mark. as proven to be successful in reaching a new generation of recruits, primarily young women ages 18–25, with a monthly â€Å"magalog† featuring its products. In 2008, reality star Lauren Conrad became a spokesmodel for the brand. Conrad also designed clothing and accessories for the brand. In 2010, actress Ashley Greene would replace Conrad as the spokes model for the brand. T hroughout the first decade of the new millennium, Avon began operating in numerous new markets, with heavy expansion in Central and Eastern Europe and the Caribbean Islands. Avon is now in more than 100 markets and is coined to be â€Å"the company for women†. II. Recent News AVP has a market cap of $11. 43B, operating cash flow of $702M, and consistent quarterly dividends around $0. 22 per share, making AVP a leader in personal products globally (Investment Underground). Given AVP’s positioning in the personal products industry, Avon could be a prime takeover candidate for competitors such as The Estee Lauder Company (EL) or French conglomerate L’Oreal SA (LRLCY. PK) looking to expand their reach into the direct sales portion of the personal products market. Because AVP currently has one of the lowest operating margins in the sector (11. 0%), competitors such as EL could view AVP as an attractive investment in hopes of increasing profitability. In turbulent times, people turn inward. The argument for large cap consumer staple companies is that they are familiar names that offer the necessities of daily life. You read "Corporate Evaluation Analysis – Avon Products" in category "Papers" Barron’s Magazine presents a list of ten companies that fit this argument. The underlying thesis is that these ten companies offer cash flow, dividends and predictable growth. This list includes: Avon Products (AVP), Campbell Soup (CPB), Clorox (CLX), Coca Cola Enterprises (CCE), Colgate-Palmolive (CL), General Mills (GIS), Kellogg (K), Molson Coors Brewing (TAP), PepsiCo (PEP), and Proctor Gamble (PG). Are these companies really good investments for today? |Ticker |Company |Recent |Price Chg. |Dividend |EV/EBITDA |EV/SALES | | | |Price |52W |Yield | | | |AVP |Avon Products, Inc. |26. 59 |-19. 00 |3. 50 |15. 03 |1. 31 | |CPB |Campbell Soup Company |33. 50 |-4. 00 |3. 50 |13. 01 |1. 9 | |CLX |Clorox Company, The |68. 81 |7. 00 |3. 20 |17. 46 |2. 39 | |CCE |Coca-Cola Enterprises Inc. |25. 81 |-5. 00 |1. 90 |16. 15 |1. 79 | |CL |Colgate-Palmolive Company |76. 95 |-9. 00 |3. 00 |12. 23 |2. 70 | |GIS |General Mills, Inc. |36. 65 |0. 00 |3. 10 |14. 90 |2. 24 | |K |Kellogg Company |54. 17 |3. 00 |3. 00 |15. 49 |2. 18 | |TAP |Molson Coors Brewing Company |43. 5 |0. 00 |2. 60 |12. 87 |3. 20 | |PEP |PepsiCo, Inc. |63. 24 |-5. 00 |3. 00 |15. 58 |2. 25 | |PG |Procter Gamble Company, The |60. 60 |-5. 00 |3. 20 |15. 05 |2. 78 | The first item that can be noticed from the above chart is that the se companies underperformed the S 500 significantly during the past twelve months (Sommer). This lag is not indicative of a turning point. The poor performance reflects high unemployment and consumer uncertainty. The consumer is being more selective in its discretionary spending and seeking alternate, cheaper products. The market seems to reflect this understanding. The high dividend yields provide a measure of support to these stock prices but they also reflect the lack of price appreciation. | Ticker |Company |EPS TTM |2011 EPS |2012 EPS |FCF TTM |Payout Ratio| | | | |(Est. ) |(Est. ) | | | |AVP |Avon Products, Inc. |2. 28 |2. 01 |2. 26 |-0. 03 |38. 0 | |CPB |Campbell Soup Company |2. 36 |2. 43 |2. 53 |1. 15 |47. 50 | |CLX |Clorox Company, The |5. 25 |3. 94 |4. 43 |2. 00 |41. 00 | |CCE |Coca-Cola Enterprises Inc. |2. 05 |2. 04 |2. 26 |1. 44 |5. 90 | |CL |Colgate-Palmolive Company |4. 46 |5. 05 |5. 50 |2. 98 |45. 50 | |GIS |General Mills, Inc. |2. 51 |2. 48 |2. 68 |0. 60 |41. 80 | |K |Kellogg Company |5. 6 |3. 47 |3. 78 |-0. 17 |30. 20 | |TAP |Molson Coors Brewing Company |3. 81 |3. 78 |4. 04 |1. 98 |28. 30 | |PEP |PepsiCo, Inc. |3. 97 |4. 48 |4. 90 |3. 21 |47. 60 | |PG |Procter Gamble Comp any, The |3. 84 |3. 97 |4. 36 |3. 43 |49. 00 | Each of these companies reports solid earnings over that past twelve month period. Consensus analyst estimates for both the current year and next year are less impressive. We believe the estimates reflect expectations for continued weakness from stressed consumers† (Sommers). These companies are all overpriced and have no catalyst for change. The assumption that investors can find safety by identifying sectors or themes is a dangerous one. Avon recorded feeble operating performance in the fourth quarter of 2010. The company’s earnings per share plunged 13. 2% to $0. 59 from $0. 68 per share in the year-ago period. The decline was principally due to reduction in operating margin, which resulted from unfavorable product mix, rising commodity cost and a 27% sales decline in Venezuela (Zachs). Moreover, Avon ended fiscal 2010 with a long-term debt of $2,408. 6 million, reflecting a debt-to-capitalization ratio of 59%, which is substantially higher, and could negatively influence the company’s credit worthiness and make it more vulnerable to the macro-economic factors and competitive pressures. Additionally, the North American market continues to remain sluggish with volume falling 14. 0% in the fourth quarter of 2010. Moreover, the company’s initiatives to change the product mix and reposition the business in the U. S. arket will require significant expenditure to support increased advertising and promotional activities. This is likely to undermine Avon’s overall operating performance, moving forward. Besides, the company is expecting a mid single-digit revenue growth in fiscal 2011, which can be achieved through strong field programs coupled with an innovative. As well, call it luck; on November 08, 2010, Avon sold out its entire ownership interest (7 4. 67%) in Avon Japan to TPG Capital, otherwise the scenario could have been worse for the company due to the recent crisis in Japan product pipeline (Zachs). Pulling out of the Japanese market was part of the company’s 2010 decision to redouble its efforts in China. It announced the sale of its 75% stake in Avon Japan to private equity firm TPG for $90 million in late 2010. The move also was part of the beauty-products maker’s plan to refocus on direct sales. (The Japanese unit typically generated more than half its revenues through direct mail. ) III. Industry Analysis (Personal Products – Cosmetics Toiletries) Because of the wide arrange of products Avon offers, it is quite difficult to pin point one single industry. Thus, going by their primary selling products, Avon fits most accurately into the Personal Products and Cosmetics Toiletries industries. Companies that manufacture and/or market personal care products produce cosmetics, fragrances, and razors. The personal care products industry targets many faces – from chubby newborns to 40-something near-goddesses to those newly retired and dreaming of a beachfront condo. While companies in this sector would like to cater to everyone, the industry has found potential in both the Baby Boomers and their children — the teens and ‘tweens. Called Gen Y, Boomer’s teens offer an estimated $9 billion in purchasing power (Hoover’s). Leaving no demographic untouched, personal care products makers also are expanding their target markets across gender lines, marketing everything from cosmetics to hair care to men and teen boys, as well as women. With more US consumers reaching the age of 55 (33% by 2030), the industry has targeted this more-vain-than-not age segment and has logged revenue growth in skin care and hair coloring products throughout the past few years as a result. On the other end of the spectrum, the teen girl population age 12 to 19 grew from 14. 3 million in 1995 to 15. 2 million in the US in 2001 (Hoover’s). Industry beauty companies, such as Avon Products, are targeting this demographic with lifestyle brands the likes of Avon’s Mark. While women have historically been a target market — primarily because women are the likely shoppers — the buying power of males is not ignored by the personal care industry. In fact, the group’s buying power is eagerly sought after. Industry giants are tapping into the revenue potential of personal care products made specifically for men, illustrated by Procter Gamble’s acquisition of Gillette in October 2005 for some $57 billion (Hoover’s). Gillette represents more than razors. In the eyes of the industry, Gillette is the king of marketing to men. As the top marketer to women, Procter Gamble has counted on its purchase of Gillette to give it the keys to the castle and enable it to become the voice to men, as well. Men offer revenue potential beyond Gillette’s Mach3 and Colgate-Palmolive’s Mennen brand. A Newsweek magazine poll conducted in mid-2003 revealed that more than half of men age 35 to 55 are â€Å"somewhat† satisfied with their overall appearance. This percentage reflects an increase for this age segment since Newsweek’s last poll in 1996. Companies have begun educating men on the topics of sunscreen, lotions, nail care, hair color, and more. Along the way, the personal care industry has been piquing the interest of the male customer and introducing him to the profitable skin care market, as Estee Lauder has with its Aramis and Clinique brands and Beiersdorf has with its Daily Protective lotion (formerly NIVEA for Men). This trend still extends into 2008. Regardless of gender or age, customers access personal care products through a variety of venues, including grocery stores, drugstores, mass merchandisers, warehouse clubs, specialty retailers, and online e-tailers. Reports about personal care products sales for grocery stores and drugstores are usually prefaced with the phrase, â€Å"excluding Wal-Mart. † (Fidelity) This is a reminder that Wal-Mart Stores, as well as some warehouse clubs, present something of a wildcard to the industry. Outside the brick and mortar, personal care products makers have a polished business model for using direct-selling methods to reach target markets. Cosmetics companies have gained sales advantages — with little or no overhead — by letting their customers sample products at home parties. Direct sellers, such as Avon Products, Mary Kay, and Amway, have long relied on this concept. UK-based natural personal care retailer The Body Shop has tested the US waters by selling through independent consultants and continues to sell in the US after seeing positive results. No matter where a company in the personal care products industry identifies its untapped growth potential — be it in the teenage girls or mid-life males markets — a few of the same factors apply. Staying competitive means implementing innovation fueled by billions of dollars in RD and a strategy of quick-to-market products. Reaching far and reaching fast are significant parts of the battle. However, expanding as wide as the tentacles of Wal-Mart and maintaining brand recognition and loyalty in a sea of private labels may prove to be the ultimate challenges. Fidelity) [pic] Competitors: Avon faces competition from a variety of products and product lines both nationally and globally. The beauty and beauty-related products industry is extremely competitive and the number of competitors and degree of competition in this industry varies extensively from country to country. Globally, Avon competes against products sold to consumers by other direct-selling and direct-sales com panies and through the Internet and against products sold through the mass market and prestige retail channels. The major competitors of the company are L’Oreal SA (LRLCY. PK) and Revlon Inc. (NYSE: REV). Competition from mass merchandisers and specialty and department stores has spurred Avon to not only spend many millions on RD but set aside just as much — $100 million — to support the launch of a global ad campaign. Avon anticipates driving additional growth based on fragrances (Today, Tomorrow, Always) and skin care (Anew anti-aging) sales. To that end, it signed on award-winning singer Fergie to develop a signature fragrance, which was unveiled in 2010. Previous partnerships have involved French designer Emanuel Ungaro for two fragrances (U by Ungaro for Her and U by Ungaro for Him) and the New York Yankees’ Derek Jeter for â€Å"Driven† men’s fragrance and a personal grooming line of products. (Yahoo! Finance) [pic] Revlon (REV) is engaged in the production, marketing and selling of an array of cosmetics, hair color, beauty tools, anti-perspirants/deodorants, fragrances, skincare and other beauty care products. The company primarily operates in North America, Asia-Pacific, Europe, Africa, and Latin America. It is headquartered in New York City, New York and employs 4,800 people. Revlon’s global brand name, product quality and marketing experience have enabled it to create one of the strongest consumer brand franchises in the world. Revlon’s brand equity among the consumers enabled the company to garner 12. 7% of the US mass retail color cosmetics market; 9. 7% of the hair color market; 4. 6% of the perspirants/deodorants market; and 21% of the beauty tools market, during 2009 (Revlon). Strong brand image of the company facilitates customer recall and allows Revlon to penetrate new markets as well as consolidate its presence in the existing ones. The company recorded revenues of $1,295. 9 million during the financial year ended December 2009 (FY2009), a decrease of 3. 8% as compared to 2008. The decline in revenues was driven by lower net sales of Revlon and Almay color cosmetics and some of the other beauty care products. The operating profit of the company was $170. 8 million in FY2009, an increase of 10. 2% over 2008. The net profit was $48. 8 million in FY2009, a decrease of 15. 7% as compared to 2008 (Revlon). L’Oreal (LRLCY. PK) is one of the largest cosmetic companies in the world. It produces and markets a range of make-up, perfume, hair and skin care products in over 130 countries. It is headquartered in Clichy, France and employs 64,600 people. Since its inception about 100 years ago, the company has developed a strong brand portfolio of 23 international brands. The company’s products are sold under well-known brands such as L’Oreal Paris, Garnier, Maybelline, SoftSheen Carson, CCB Paris, L’Oreal Professional, Kerastase, Redken, Matrix, Mizani, Lancome, Biotherm, Helena Rubinstein, Kiehl’s, Shu Uemura,and Giorgio Armani. These brands are available through a range of distribution channels ranging from mass market, to selective distribution including hair salons, pharmacies/drugstores and a network of directly owned stores and franchises. Strong brand portfolio lends better visibility and presence in all distribution channels and enables L’Oreal to reach a large customer base, thereby increasing its market penetration opportunities. L’Oreal operates through three business divisions: cosmetics, the Body Shop, and dermatology. The Body Shop division operates a chain of 2,550 stores in 63 countries worldwide specializing in skin and hair care products made from natural ingredients. The company recorded revenues of E17,472. 6 million ($24,367. 8 million) during the financial year ended December 2009 (FY2009), a decrease of 0. 4% compared with 2008. The operating profit of the company was E2,577. 6 million ($3,594. 8 million) in FY2009, a decrease of 5. 4% compared with 2008. The net profit was E1,792. 2 million ($2,499. 5 million) in FY2009, a decrease of 8% compared with 2008 (L’oreal). (Fidelity) [pic] IV. SWOT Strengths |Weaknesses | | | | |Diverse geographic presence enhances |Chinese operations marred with controversy | |scale of operations and mitigates local market risks |and poor performance | | | | |Low cost business model of direct selling |Lack of clear-focus and strategy for non-beauty products | | | | |Strong brand equity |Declining operating margins | |Opportunities |Threats | | | | |Restructuring initiatives for organizational Competitive environment in the global | |Effectiveness |cosmetics industry | | | | |Re-branding strategy to drive consumer |Company’s revenues tied to the | |Demand |performance of the sales representatives | | | | |Emerging markets enhances the scope of |A diversified global operation exposes Avon to currency fluctuation | |growth for the Avon’s value cosmetic |risks | |products | | V. Value Line Analysis On December 24, 2010, Jerome H. Kaplan, a Value Line analyst, points out that investors are not thrilled about Avon’s mediocre progress. The company’s stock price has declined in the last three months. Avon continues to struggle a bit in the U. S. and Chinese markets as is reflected in September-quarter earnings, as well as deteriorating growth in the vital markets of Brazil and Russia. Kaplan states, â€Å"Long-term emerging market-oriented investors should consider this untimely stock. Avon could be viewed as the equivalent of a diversified portfolio in fast-growing regions, such as Latin America, Asia, and Central and Eastern Europe. (Value Line) Improves margins, profits, and share price will most likely be a result of the growth of these markets by 2013-2015, in addition to savings of over one billion dollars by 2012-2013 from programs reducing Avon’s cost structure. When looking at the Value Line, we notice a Safety rating of 3. A Safet y rating is another way to measure the company’s risk or financial strength. It is measured from 1 to 5, with 1 being the highest and best rating indicating the company has a less likely chance of becoming bankrupt and are less volatile. In Avon’s case, a 3 may be interpreted as being unpredictable. If the score is lowered to a 4 or 5, the greater the short-term price movements the stock may experience. Safety ranks work better than Beta when there is a break in the market (when the market is going down). Arguably the most important investment recommendation found on Value Line is the Timeliness rating. The scale is also from 1 to 5 with again 1 being the most desirable rating which reflects the top 100 stocks within Value Line’s 1,700 stocks. Investors typically are encouraged to buy a portfolio of stocks across six or more industries with a ranking of 1 for Timeliness. After some time, investors are encouraged to keep an eye on this rating and when it falls to a 4 or 5 rating that stock should be sold, as is the case with Avon with a Timeliness rating of 4 (Money-Zine). With a financial strength of a B++, Avon is considered a company that would most likely survive a depression. This means the company has sufficient liquidity to payout their dividends or increase how much they give as dividends. When income is the primary consideration, a strong balance sheet provides greater assurance that a dividend can be maintained (Valueline). Proper financing ensures stockholders that operations can be expanded without having to disperse a portion of the earnings to bank or bondholders. The stock price stability (SPS) is the standard deviation of weekly stock prices over the last five years. It is ranked from 5 to 100 and in increments of 5. A ranking of 100 reflects the lowest standard deviation, which reflects the greatest stability attainable, while 5 indicated the largest standard deviation and the least stability. Price stability along with the company’s financial strength rating determines a stock’s Safety ranking. Avon has a price stability of 75 which puts them not too far from the top and would be considered to be on the lower side of good stability. The price growth persistency (PGP) of a stock is measured in the same format as the stock price stability. A stock that is 100 probably beat the index every year of the last 10 years. Avon’s PGP rating is 45, which is on the low side of average. This measurement rewards this fund for the consistency with which it outperforms the broader universe if equity offerings over an extended period of time. Earnings predictability for Avon is 65. This rating provides a measure of the reliability of an earnings forecast. Ratings with a 100 are noted as the â€Å"best fit† on the regression line, meaning they have a high consistency of earnings. Predictability is based upon the stability of year-to year comparisons, with recent years being weighted more heavily than earlier ones. Reliable forecasts are close to 100 and the least are close to lowest of 5. Being that Avon falls around the middle of these two extremes, it can be said that the company is somewhat reliable and other factors should be considered in conjunction. A stock’s beta is a measure of a particular stock’s price volatility and risk relative to a broader measure of stock price movements such as a market index (Money-Zine). Many stock beta calculations are performed relative to the S 500; however, the Value Line Beta calculation uses the New York Stock Exchange Composite Index. The most important fact to point out is that the beta measures a stock’s movement in price. If a stock has a beta of 1. 0 or above, which is the value of the market beta, it will experience more movement either up or down relative to the index. In comparison, a stock with a beta of less than 1. 0 is considered less risky and stable with smaller price fluctuations. According to Value Line, Avon has a beta of . 5 right under the market beta, which implies that this stock is not risky and will most likely not experience any drastic changes in its price. The Technical ranking of a stock is almost similar to that of its Timeliness ranking except f or the fact that the Technical ranking does not take into consideration earnings per share projections, only the opportunity for a stock’s price appreciation. With a Technical ranking of 2, Avon, according to Value Line, should be purchased since this rating indicates Avon has short-term capital gains, in the three to six month timeframe (Money-Zine). The plowback method is sometimes used to calculate a company’s earnings after dividends have been paid out. A high rate indicates that a company pays less in dividends and thus reinvests more of its earnings into the company. Investors tend to prefer a lower plowback ratio in a slow-growing company and a higher one in a fast-growing company. Whether or not this is desirable depends on the rate of growth. The plowback rate is calculated using the following formula: ROE x (1 – Payout Ratio (Dividends per share/Earnings per share)). Plugging in the Value Line figures for Avon the result is, . 492 x (1 – (. 84/1. 45)) = . 207 = 20. 7%. To calculate Avon’s free cash flow we need the following = per share earnings + cash flow from operations – required dividends – capital spending. Thus, 1. 45 + . 44 – . 84 – . 69 = $0. 36. VI. Ratio Analysis Profitability |12/31/2010 | |12/31/2009 | |12/31/2008 | |12/31/2007 | |Ratios | | | | | | | | |2006 |5. 5 |   |1. 75 |   |6. 26 |   |60. 28 | |2007 |5. 4 | |1. 81 | |7. 23 | |70. 67 | |2008 |8. 3 |   |1. 81 |   |8. 38 |   |125. 92 | |2009 |6. 1 | |1. 61 | |6. 4 | |64. 27 | |2010 |5. 9 |   |1. 48 |   |4. 74 |   |41. 4 | According to this DuPont Analysis for Avon, all three sectors show inconsistencies and overall fluctuations up and down. In 2008, the company is at its highest level but dramatically goes down in all sectors the year following and continues to decline. Overall, efficiency in all sectors are not very stable. The company has had its off and on days throughout the years without any trend or consistency. Avon needs to control their operations and cost efficiency more closely. VII. Regression Descriptive Statistics – Growth Analysis Using the data figures for Avon provided through Value Line from 2002 to 2009, a descriptive analysis and linear regression were produced for SPS, Shares, EPS, CF, DIV, ROE, PE, BV, FCF, OM, RTC and NPM (Appendix). A more comprehensive analysis was done for EPS, FCF, PE, and ROE. Included in each financial variable analysis is the calculation of normalized data points for the 7th and 8th periods, which are years 2008 and 2009, respectively. Within this additional analysis the Current to Normalized (CNE) was also calculated, and each resulting figure was compared to the normal expected range of . 85 – 1. 15. In the last step of this additional analysis, growth rate and variability figures were also produced. *Please Note: the ROE figures for the years of 2002, 2003, 2005, and 2008 were noted as â€Å"NMF† on Value Line, thus the figures used in the analysis were calculated using the net income after tax from the income statement and the shareholder’s equity from the balance sheet. Looking at the summary of the results for these four financial variables in the chart given below, only the CNE of EPS, which is . 93 falls within the normal range of . 85 – 1. 15, which means that in the remaining three areas of FCF, PE, and ROE, Avon is operating below the expected and acceptable range. These below average results signify that the normalized points produced are not adequate enough to rely on to calculate appropriate growth rates. As can be seen also in the summary, there is a positive growth rate in both EPS and ROE, but negative in both FCF and PE. ROE may be at a significant high growth rate because of the out of norm results that were calculated for the years of 2002, 2003, 2005, and 2008 as mentioned above. In each of these particular years, shareholders equity was low in comparison to net income (negative in 2002) which resulted in abnormal figures Value Line did not wish to indicate. FCF has a negative growth rate since in 2005 it was at an unsustainable figure of 1. 07 and then drastically declined to . 34 the following year and even lower to . 25 in 2007. This drastic change coupled with another fluctuating high and low between 2008 and 2009 are factors for this negative growth rate. In relation, although not as drastic, for PE results more visibly decline in the last two periods of 2008 and 2009. |Avon Products, Inc Financial Variables Analysis | | | |EPS |ROE |FCF |PE | |Normalized 8th Period | |$1. 55 |$156. 38 |$0. 46 |$22. 18 | | | |   |   |   |   | |Normalized 7th Period | |$1. 51 |$121. 35 |$0. 52 |$22. 7 | | | |   |   |   |   | |Current to Normalized | |0. 93 |0. 31 |0. 79 |0. 84 | | | |   |   |   |   | |Growth Rate | |3. 09% |28. 87% |-12. 80% |-0. 88% | Another aspect of the descriptive and regression analysis that is important to point out are the R-squared and skewness. R-squared, also known as the coefficient of variation, is helpful in providing a measure of how well future outcomes are likely to be predicted by the model. The values for R-squared range from 0 to 1: the closer to 1 the results are, the better the â€Å"fit’ of the predicted values and the more realistic or reliable they are. R-squared can also be explained as the strength of the relationship between time and the variable. For all four financial variables, the R-squared figures range from . 01-. 25, which are indicative of weak relationships between time and each of these variables. None of the data points for these variables are strong measures of how well the regression line approximates the real data points. Skewness is a measure of the asymmetry of the probability distribution of a real-valued variable (Wikipedia. com). The results are usually either positive or negative, or in some instances undefined. A negative skew in characterized and having the mass distribution concentrated on the right of the figure or in most recent years and has relatively few low values. A positive skew has a mass distribution concentrated on the left o the figure or in earlier years and has relatively few high values. For both EPS and PE, the skewness is positive in contrast to ROE and FCF which are both negative. Growth for EPS and PE both took place in recent years while growth for ROE and FCF took place in earlier years. |Avon Products, Inc Financial Variables Analysis | | | |EPS |ROE |FCF |PE | |R-Squared | |0. 1041 |0. 2092 |0. 2527 |0. 101 | | | |   |   |   |   | |Skewness | |1. 0284 |-2. 5446 |-0. 3754 |0. 8432 | For the remaining financial variables, the same analysis was produced. Interestingly enough, the CNE for these variables fall within the normal expected range of . 85 – 1. 15, except for BV which is slightly over at 1. 18. These figures range from . 91 – 1. 04. The growth rates for DIV, CF, BV and SPS are positive, but are negative for Shares, OM, NPM and RTC. The negative growth rate of Shares means that the company is buying back their stock. For R-squared the only strong relationships between time and that variable were DIV at . 584, Shares at . 8963 and SPS at . 9632. The R-squares for BV and RTC are relatively moderate. Skewness for DIV, BV, OM and NPM are negative with growth occurring in earlier prior years and skewness for CF, Shares, SPS and RTC were positive with growth occurring in the latter years. |Avon Products, Inc Financial Variables Analysis | | | | | |EPS 2009 |1. 45 | | | | | |Growth Rate = |3. 9% | | | | | |Payout Ratio = |36% | | | | | |Discount Rate = |7. 10% | | | | |Avon Projections 2010-2019 | | |Period |Years |EPS |DIV |PV | |1 |2010 |1. 49 |0. 54 |$0. 50 | |2 |2011 |1. 54 |0. 55 |$0. 48 | |3 |2012 |1. 59 |0. 57 |$0. 47 | |4 |2013 |1. 64 |0. 59 |$0. 45 | |5 |2014 |1. 69 |0. 61 |$0. 3 | |6 |2015 |1. 74 |0. 63 |$0. 42 | |7 |2016 |1. 79 |0. 65 |$0. 40 | |8 |2017 |1. 85 |0. 67 |$0. 38 | |9 |2018 |1. 91 |0. 69 |$0. 37 | |10 |2019 |1. 97 |0. 71 |$0. 36 | |PV total of dividend payout for the next 10 years: |$4. 26 | Terminal Value The 2019 stock price calculated reflects the value of all future dividends or cash flows in perpetuity. In order to determine the 2019 stock price the following will be needed: Because when using the above process the discount rate is assumed and one of the biggest variables that may fluctuate and thus cause the result to differ, other methods should also be considered when doing a company stock price valuation. One other such popular method is the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM). Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) The main purpose of this model is to explain the relationship between risk and the expected return that a stock may yield and is used in the pricing of risky securities (Investopedia). The following formula is used in the calculation of CAPM: o CAPM = Rf + (a (Rm – Rf) Rf = Risk-free rate (Treasury bond rate) assumed at 5% o Rm = Expected market return assumed at 12% o (a = Beta of the security; from Avon’s Value Line beta is . 95 Thus, when using this CAPM formula to calculate the discount rate, the following result is returned: CAPM = . 05 + . 95 (. 12 â⠂¬â€œ . 05) = . 1165 = 11. 65% discount rate (Ke). This new discount rate of 11. 65% is now inputted into the dividends projections table done previously. The new table is shown below with a PV total of dividend payout for the next 10 years now at a reduced amount of $3. 45. The new terminal value also decreases to $16. 87 as well as the PV of this 2019 stock price to $5. 60. The stock remains overvalued with an intrinsic value of $9. 06 compared to the current price of $29. 22. The price-to-intrinsic is now 3. 23. |Variables used to determine PV total of dividend payout for the next 10 years: | | | |EPS 2009 |1. 45 | | | | | | |Growth Rate = |3. 09% | | | | | | |Payout Ratio = |36% | | | | | | |Discount Rate = |11. 5% | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Avon Projections 2010-2019 | | | | |Period |Years |EPS |DIV |PV | | | |2 |2011 |1. 54 |0. 55 |$0. 45 | | | |3 |2012 |1. 59 |0. 57 |$0. 41 | | | |4 |2013 |1. 64 |0. 59 |$0. 38 | | | |5 |2014 |1. 69 |0. 61 |$0. 35 | | | |6 |2015 |1. 4 |0. 63 |$0. 32 | | | |7 |2016 |1. 79 |0. 65 |$0. 30 | | | |8 |2017 |1. 85 |0. 67 |$0. 28 | | | |9 |2018 |1. 91 |0. 69 |$0. 25 | | | |10 |2019 |1. 97 |0. 71 |$0. 24 | | | |PV total of dividend payout for the next 10 years: |$3. 45 | | The only way that Avon stock would be considered undervalued would be at a discount rate of about 4. 9% or below as shown in the table below. |Variables used to determine PV total of dividend payout for the next 10 years: | | | |EPS 2009 |1. 45 | | | | | | |Growth Rate = |3. 09% | | | | | | |Payout Ratio = |36% | | | | | | |Discount Rate = |4. 0% | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Avon Projections 2010-2019 | | | | |Period |Years |EPS |DIV |PV | | | |2 |2011 |1. 54 |0. 55 |$0. 50 | | | |3 |2012 |1. 59 |0. 57 |$0. 50 | | | |4 |2013 |1. 64 |0. 59 |$0. 9 | | | |5 |2014 |1. 69 |0. 61 |$0. 48 | | | |6 |2015 |1. 74 |0. 63 |$0. 47 | | | |7 |2016 |1. 79 |0. 65 |$0. 46 | | | |8 |2017 |1. 85 |0. 67 |$0. 45 | | | |9 |2018 |1. 91 |0. 69 |$0. 45 | | | |10 |2019 |1. 7 |0. 71 |$0. 44 | | | |PV total of dividend payout for the next 10 years: |$4. 75 | | X. Rule #1 The Four M’s †¢ Meaning †¢ Moat †¢ Management †¢ Margin of Safety (Sticker Price) Does the business have meaning to you? Since my tender age of 4, I remember going door-to-door with my mother distributing Avon brochures and samples. Not only was she a single mother at the time, but she also went to school and worked another part-time job. My mother eventually left her part-time job and made Avon her full-time career. She now has 25 years of selling Avon and making a living out of it. My step-father also quit his full-time job and dedicated his time to helping my mother out with the business. My whole life I have seen my mother work her hardest to give me anything and everything she could to raise me and get me to where I am now and she could not have accomplished that if it weren’t for her loyal commitment to Avon Products. She built her business from the bottom up just like any other Avon representative. She now works from home and has all her clients come to her. My mother has always told me that she eventually wants to hand over the business to me and I have taken this opportunity in Finance class to learn more in-depth about the company and what it offers not only as a business owner but also as an investor. Ironically enough, just about a month ago my mother showed interest in investing in the company (yes, after 25 years! ) and asked me about whether she should and if so how much she should invest. This evaluation project gave me even more reason to choose Avon Products, Inc as my chosen company of interest. Does the business have a wide Moat? Or in other words, is the company’s future predictable? Avon has been in existence almost 100 years, 95 to be exact. It has had an exciting development from start to present going from being solely in the perfume/cosmetics market to expanding their products to include an array interests from kids toys to men’s sports watches. They have captured a competitive advantage from the beginning starting off as the first to introduce direct selling and now being a well renown beauty global entity; they have indeed establishes a good name for themselves. Avon continues to do extensive research to keep up to par with their different markets and products and continuously strives to improve what they already have and produce new products. Many companies have hence since followed in Avon’s footsteps, realizing the success Avon has had with focusing on interpersonal sales and customer service. Avon has a well-established name and reputation and many customers have been loyal since their early years. The Management Ever since the beginning up until 2001, Avon has had male CEO’s. Some find that a bit peculiar being that Avon prides itself on being â€Å"the Company for Women†. Let’s keep in mind though the history of this company as mentioned in the first part, Avon was created by a man by accident perhaps, but definitely with good intentions. As of 2001, the new CEO, Andrea Jung, has brought new hope and meaning to the company. Since her leadership started the company has revolutionized into a new identity with Representatives truly feeling and living the motto of the company. Both customers and Representatives have more confidence in the company and it has portrayed overall both in the financial and operational functions of the company. Safety of Margin (Sticker Price) On Rule #1’s website www. ruleoneinvestor. com, Phil Town, provides various calculators that aid in the decision to buy or not buy a particular stock by inputting various company figures to produce the company’s true value. Step 1 Data Input: Current EPS: 1. 45 # Years: 10 EPS Growth Rate: 13% Step 1 Result: Future EPS = $4. 92 Step 2 Calculate Future Value Data Input: Future EPS: $4. 92 Future PE: 18 Step 2 Results: Future Value = $88. 56 Step 3 Calculate Sticker Price Data Input: Future Value/Share: $88. 56 Min Acceptable ROI: 15% # Years: 10 Step 3 Results: Sticker Price: $21. 89 Step 4 Calculate Margin of Safety Data Input: Sticker Price: $21. 89 Step 4 Results: Margin of Safety: $10. 95 Overall Results: $21. 89 ; $29. 22 (Current Price) = Stock is Overvalued = Sell/Not Buy XI. Conclusions /Final Stock Judgment Based on all the analysis previously set forth here, the best recommendation for an investor would be not to buy Avon stock or to sell their Avon stock if they currently hold interest in the company. Finding that the intrinsic value of the company using two separate methods (AAA bond rate CAPM) both return a valuation that Avon’s current stock price is undervalued, would understandably be sufficient to determine that it would not be the best of choices to invest in the company; at least for the current time. The difficulty as well in trying to formulate a regression analysis for ROE also points to the company’s weaknesses since shareholder’s equity has not shown a constant, positive performance and even at times negative. Income generation for stockholders is not quite strong and would require further, long-term watch if an investor has a personal interest in the company to be able to invest at a later time when the value of the current stock is really what it is worth. Furthermore, recent news indicates it is not the greatest time for Avon in terms of earnings as they have spent a great deal on advertising. Getting out of the Japanese market may have been the most perfectly timed move they have made. Although Avon is currently not seen as one of the strongest companies to invest in at the moment, reviews have said not to leave Avon behind for the future. They are slowly regaining momentum and being that their beta of . 95 is still below the market’s beta of 1. 0, it is not one of the riskiest out there. Also, it must be reminded that with a good Technical ranking of 2, Avon has short-term capital gains, in the three to six month timeframe. At a financial strength of a B++, the company is still in good shape and can most likely survive a depression better than other companies. The company has sufficient liquidity to payout their dividends or increase how much they give as dividends. Investors should still proceed with caution if even in the future the company still maintains a Safety rating of 3 and a Timeliness rating of 4 as these ratings do not give the company enough leverage to be deemed financially reliable. In addition, with a Price Growth Predictability (PGP) of 45, Stock Price Stability (SPS) of 75, and an Earnings Predictability of 65, the company does not perform more than average in all of these areas meaning they don’t really beat the index, they are somewhat stable, and they have an average consistency of earnings. Overall, all of the above inconsistencies and especially the overvalue of the current stock price, will not lead to satisfactory returns. Perhaps in the near future the tables will turn as the company does have many opportunities and room for slow growth, but it will require a watchful eye. Avon is a trusted company with a rich history, especially among women, so there is much possibility of vast improvement and capabilities of big interest to investors if the company is more observant with their financial movement and take care of their shareholders. XII. References Avon Products, Inc. Avon. com. 2011. 2 April 2011 Datamonitor. Business Source Premier. 7 June 2010. 3 April 2011 Fidelity. Fidelity. com. 2011. 8 April 2011 Hoover’s Inc. LexisNexis Academic. 8 April 2011. 8 April 2011 Investment Underground. Seeking Alpha. 21 March 2011. 2 April 2011 Investopedia. Investopedia. com. 2011. 6 April 2011 Kaplan, Jerome H. Value Line. 2011. 2 April 2011 L’Oreal. Loreal. com. 2011. 6 April 2011 Money-Zine. Money-Zine. com. 2011. 4 April 2011 Revlon. Revlon. com. 2011. 6 April 2011 Roberts, Andrew. Bloomberg. 17 March 2011. 2 April 2011 Sommer, Ron. Seeking Alpha. 21 March 2011. 2 April 2011 Town, Phil. Rule #1: The Simple Strategy for Successful Investing in only 15 Minutes a Week. 2011. 9 April 2011 Wikipedia. Wikipedia. com. 2011. 6 April 2011 Zachs. Yahoo! Finance. 16 March 2011. 2 April 2011 XIII. Appendix [pic][pic] [pic] ———————– Corporate Valuation: Avon Products, Inc. (NYSE:AVP) F How to cite Corporate Evaluation Analysis – Avon Products, Papers